--- title: "Knowledge Vault: frameworks, briefings | Firevault" description: "Expert insights on cybersecurity, data breaches, and offline protection. Read articles, latest news, and practical guides from UK security specialists." lang: en-GB json-ld: | [ { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://fire-vault.com/#organization", "name": "Firevault", "legalName": "Firevault Limited", "url": "https://fire-vault.com", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/logo.png", "width": 200, "height": 60 }, "foundingDate": "2025-03", "description": "Protect what matters with Offline Secure Storage and control what moves with Control by Firevault. 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When technology can no longer be patched, it becomes a permanent open door for attackers. Physical disconnection addresses what patching cannot.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge/end-of-life-technology-cni-hidden-cyber-risk", "datePublished": "February 12, 2026", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault" } }, { "@type": "BlogPosting", "headline": "NCSC CNI Guide: Severe Cyber Threats", "description": "An authoritative guide aligned with NCSC recommendations for Critical National Infrastructure. How physical disconnection supports the four-objective framework for cyber resilience.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge/ncsc-cni-severe-cyber-threat-guide", "datePublished": "January 30, 2026", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault" } }, { "@type": "BlogPosting", "headline": "UK CNI Threat Landscape 2026", "description": "State actors, ransomware groups, and supply chain vulnerabilities converge on UK critical infrastructure. Understanding the threat informs the defence.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge/uk-cni-threat-landscape-2026", "datePublished": "January 29, 2026", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault" } }, { "@type": "BlogPosting", "headline": "Ransomware Protection: Offline Strategy", "description": "Ransomware attacks have evolved from opportunistic to surgical. The only data attackers cannot encrypt is data they cannot reach.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge/ransomware-protection-offline-strategy", "datePublished": "January 28, 2026", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault" } }, { "@type": "BlogPosting", "headline": "The 3-2-1-0 Backup Strategy Explained", "description": "The 3-2-1-0 rule has become the gold standard for data protection. Here is how Firevault Storage completes your backup architecture.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge/3-2-1-0-backup-strategy-explained", "datePublished": "January 25, 2026", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault" } } ] }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "CollectionPage", "name": "Knowledge Vault | Firevault", "description": "Expert insights on cybersecurity, data breaches, and offline protection.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/learn/knowledge", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Firevault", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/logo.png" } }, "mainEntity": { "@type": "ItemList", "numberOfItems": 184, "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Airport WiFi sign-ups turn into a national data problem as 8.7 million customer records are accessed", "description": "Manchester Airports Group has confirmed that criminal hackers accessed the data of about 8.7 million customers across Manchester, East Midlands and London Stansted. Most of it came from free terminal WiFi sign-ups and from car parking, lounge and fast-track bookings.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/manchester-airports-group-data-breach-87-million-customers-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Premier League moves the goalposts as cyber rulebook introduces 22 security control areas", "description": "Rule J.9 and Appendix 11 put cyber security into the Premier League rulebook, with phased deadlines, annual evidence and 22 control areas spanning club, stadium and supplier operations.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/premier-league-cyber-rulebook-appendix-11-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "T-Mobile pulled the plug on Salt Typhoon. It took a car journey to get there.", "description": "T-Mobile's security chief ended months of failed software remediation by driving to the data centre, clearing ID, finding the cabinet and physically pulling the power supply from the compromised hardware. Disconnection was the right control. Firevault Control is designed to take the same action in under six milliseconds.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/tmobile-severs-network-cable-salt-typhoon-hackers-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Beacon breach: 1,500 charities exposed and an HIV charity's health data stolen", "description": "People supported by a Manchester HIV charity have been told sensitive health information may have been stolen after a breach at Beacon, the shared database platform used by more than a thousand UK charities. One supplier, one connected database, national exposure.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/beacon-charity-database-breach-hiv-charity-health-data-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Iran-linked hackers shut down a UK power plant for four days", "description": "A small British generator was taken offline for four days after an Iran-linked cyber attack, reported as the first successful intrusion of its kind against UK power generation. The grid held. The control layer did not.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/iran-linked-hackers-uk-power-plant-shutdown-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 6, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "GTA 6 leaks: a nightmare or a blip for the biggest video game of the year?", "description": "Unreleased Grand Theft Auto 6 footage has appeared online ahead of Rockstar's official preview, and Take-Two is now in court seeking the identities behind the accounts sharing it. The game will still sell. The material that leaked can never be unseen.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/gta-6-leaks-rockstar-development-footage-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 7, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Nine PBS: 50 Terabytes of History Trapped by a Cloud Vendor That Closed", "description": "A public broadcaster lost access to fifty terabytes of archival footage, spanning seventy years of regional history, when its cloud storage supplier suddenly went out of business. The files are still trapped in a Denver data centre.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/nine-pbs-archives-cloud-vendor-shutdown-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 8, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "When Access Fails: Continuity Needs Offline Secure Storage", "description": "Fire and grid failure are only one of six ways organisations lose access to their own records. A practical case for holding critical material offline, whatever the cause.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/when-the-grid-fails-offline-secure-storage-business-continuity" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 9, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "French tax authority breach exposes 678,000 taxpayers and the land registry behind them", "description": "France's Directorate General of Public Finances has confirmed that attackers used compromised access points to extract tax and cadastral data on 678,000 individuals and businesses. The same seller claims to have held a live session on the central land registry platform covering roughly 20 million people.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/french-tax-authority-dgfip-data-breach-678000-2026" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 10, "item": { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Azure credential theft campaign exposes millions of employee records at McDonald's, Vodafone and TCS", "description": "A single seller is offering internal employee directories taken from at least nine major enterprises through compromised Azure and Entra credentials, including more than 1.7 million records attributed to McDonald's. No platform vulnerability was needed. Valid credentials were enough.", "url": "https://fire-vault.com/news/azure-credential-theft-campaign-employee-directories-2026" } } ] } } ] --- Recent Breaches Breaches [2026 PowerSchool 62.4M records ](https://www.bleepingcomputer.com)[2026 DISA Global Solutions 3.3M records ](https://techcrunch.com)[2026 Globe Life 850K records ](https://www.securityweek.com)[2026 Lidl GB Customer contact data ](https://www.theguardian.com/business/2026/jun/11/lidl-gb-third-party-data-breach)[2026 Asahi Group Production systems disrupted ](https://www.reuters.com/technology/cybersecurity/asahi-says-cyberattack-disrupted-operations-japan-2025-09-29/)[2026 Kido International 8K records ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c623d7v0e5xo)[2026 Collins Aerospace (RTX) Check-in and boarding disruptio... ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c789e7l1z7po)[2026 Jaguar Land Rover Production and IT systems disru... ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx2gx8p3rzeo)[2026 Peter Green Chilled Order and logistics data ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c0k7yy8n3g5o)[2026 Adidas UK Customer contact details ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c78jkev1el2o)[2026 PowerSchool 62.4M records ](https://www.bleepingcomputer.com)[2026 DISA Global Solutions 3.3M records ](https://techcrunch.com)[2026 Globe Life 850K records ](https://www.securityweek.com)[2026 Lidl GB Customer contact data ](https://www.theguardian.com/business/2026/jun/11/lidl-gb-third-party-data-breach)[2026 Asahi Group Production systems disrupted ](https://www.reuters.com/technology/cybersecurity/asahi-says-cyberattack-disrupted-operations-japan-2025-09-29/)[2026 Kido International 8K records ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c623d7v0e5xo)[2026 Collins Aerospace (RTX) Check-in and boarding disruptio... ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c789e7l1z7po)[2026 Jaguar Land Rover Production and IT systems disru... ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx2gx8p3rzeo)[2026 Peter Green Chilled Order and logistics data ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c0k7yy8n3g5o)[2026 Adidas UK Customer contact details ](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c78jkev1el2o) [View All →](/learn/breaches) [![Firevault - offline secure storage, physically disconnected from the internet](/assets/logo-color-DBVl0KCg.png)](/) Products Solutions [Why OSS](/why-oss) More [Help](/help)[Get started](/get-started) Knowledge Vault # Understand the risk. Find the control. Research, incident analysis, practical guides and control blueprints for protecting data and systems that should not remain continuously reachable. 184 articles, guides, insights and whitepapers in the Firevault knowledge library. [Search knowledge](#library) All184 Insight37 Explainers14 Guides38 Whitepapers10 Opinion10 News75 01 Current intelligence ## What matters now The newest and strongest analysis leads. Everything else sits in the library below. [ ![Airport WiFi sign-ups turn into a national data problem as 8.7 million customer records are accessed — Firevault Offline Secure Storage insight](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/manchester-airports-group-data-breach-2026.jpg) Insight ### Airport WiFi sign-ups turn into a national data problem as 8.7 million customer records are accessed Manchester Airports Group has confirmed that criminal hackers accessed the data of about 8.7 million customers across Manchester, East Midlands and London Stansted. Most of it came from free terminal WiFi sign-ups and from car parking, lounge and fast-track bookings. 27 August 2026 5 min read ](/news/manchester-airports-group-data-breach-87-million-customers-2026) [ ![Premier League moves the goalposts as cyber rulebook introduces 22 security control areas — Firevault Offline Secure Storage insight](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/premier-league-cyber-rulebook-2026.jpg) Regulation ### Premier League moves the goalposts as cyber rulebook introduces 22 security control areas Rule J.9 and Appendix 11 put cyber security into the Premier League rulebook, with phased deadlines, annual evidence and 22 control areas spanning club, stadium and supplier operations. 27 August 2026 14 min read ](/news/premier-league-cyber-rulebook-appendix-11-2026)[ ![T-Mobile pulled the plug on Salt Typhoon. It took a car journey to get there. — Firevault Offline Secure Storage insight](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/tmobile-power-pull-salt-typhoon-2026.jpg) Insight ### T-Mobile pulled the plug on Salt Typhoon. It took a car journey to get there. T-Mobile's security chief ended months of failed software remediation by driving to the data centre, clearing ID, finding the cabinet and physically pulling the power supply from the compromised hardware. Disconnection was the right control. Firevault Control is designed to take the same action in under six milliseconds. 27 August 2026 7 min read ](/news/tmobile-severs-network-cable-salt-typhoon-hackers-2026) ### One useful briefing. No noise. Receive Firevault analysis on data exposure, cyber resilience, Offline Secure Storage® and control architecture. Subscribe I agree to receive emails from Firevault. Unsubscribe anytime. 02 Start with your question ## Find the knowledge by need Four routes through the library, ordered the way a security decision is actually made: understand the risk, decide what goes offline, decide where access stops, then govern it. [ 01 · Understand ### What is the risk? Breaches, threat analysis, exposure patterns and evidence explaining where connected systems fail. Explore risk and incidents ](/learn/knowledge?filter=news)[ 02 · Protect ### What data should be offline? Guidance on crown jewels, backups, intellectual property, personal data and long-term digital assets. Explore #OSS guidance ](/why-oss)[ 03 · Control ### Where should access stop? Control blueprints for networks, OT, AI, remote access and systems where a path needs to be physically governed. Explore Control Blueprints ](/control-blueprints)[ 04 · Govern ### What does good governance look like? Board, regulatory and operational guidance covering resilience, accountability, recovery and evidence. Explore governance ](/compliance) 03 Deep dives ## Playbooks and control blueprints The long-form work: sector playbooks and control blueprints written for the people who have to sign them off. [View all playbooks](/playbooks) [ ![The Leaders' Playbook cover](/__l5e/assets-v1/e8c2b388-0083-4aa9-a143-f8c4b11d2db3/leaders-cover.jpg)Playbook Firevault Leadership Briefing ### The Leaders' Playbook A board-level briefing on sovereign data, succession resilience and physical protection. Read it 28 pages · 18 min read ](/playbook/leaders)[ ![Control for Water: Deployment Playbook cover](/__l5e/assets-v1/87198e25-711c-49ab-95d1-5f7cc99553cb/firebreak-water-cover.jpg)Playbook Control for Water Playbook ### Control for Water: Deployment Playbook Firebreak path control, the wider Control modules and offline recovery copies, mapped to the Purdue model for water operators. Read it 28 pages · 22 min read ](/playbook/firebreak-water)[ ![A Control Blueprint for AI: 2026 Playbook cover](/__l5e/assets-v1/d10e0e16-e107-4d93-b690-87f7b33bea9b/ai-control-cover.jpg)Playbook A Control Blueprint for AI ### A Control Blueprint for AI: 2026 Playbook 40-page blueprint on AI infrastructure, open weights, agents and kill-switch design. Read it 40 pages · 28 min read ](/playbook/ai-control-blueprints)[ ![Close the File. Protect the Record. cover](/__l5e/assets-v1/a563c7e7-cdd3-47c3-8557-57a4d04b97b7/legal-cover.jpg)Playbook Firevault Legal Playbook ### Close the File. Protect the Record. File closure, retained records and offline custody for UK law firms. Read it 28 pages · 20 min read ](/playbook/legal)[ ![A Control Blueprint for Aerospace & Aviation cover](/__l5e/assets-v1/bb5110b1-edcd-4a3a-93fc-af134ae6e4b7/aerospace-cover.jpg)Playbook Firevault Aerospace Playbook ### A Control Blueprint for Aerospace & Aviation Communication registers, operational states and rapid isolation for aerospace and aviation. Read it 28 pages · 22 min read ](/playbook/aerospace) 04 Knowledge library ## Latest analysis 184 resources in view. Search or filter above to narrow the library. [![Airport WiFi sign-ups turn into a national data problem as 8.7 million customer records are accessed](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/manchester-airports-group-data-breach-2026.jpg) Insight Airport WiFi sign-ups turn into a national data problem as 8.7 million customer records are accessed Manchester Airports Group has confirmed that criminal hackers accessed the data of about 8.7 million customers across Manchester, East Midlands and London Stansted. Most of it came from free terminal WiFi sign-ups and from car parking, lounge and fast-track bookings. 27 Aug 2026 · 5 min ](/news/manchester-airports-group-data-breach-87-million-customers-2026)[![Premier League moves the goalposts as cyber rulebook introduces 22 security control areas](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/premier-league-cyber-rulebook-2026.jpg) Regulation Premier League moves the goalposts as cyber rulebook introduces 22 security control areas Rule J.9 and Appendix 11 put cyber security into the Premier League rulebook, with phased deadlines, annual evidence and 22 control areas spanning club, stadium and supplier operations. 27 Aug 2026 · 14 min ](/news/premier-league-cyber-rulebook-appendix-11-2026)[![T-Mobile pulled the plug on Salt Typhoon. It took a car journey to get there.](https://zomvctmqpgirvjnvawlz.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/article-images/tmobile-power-pull-salt-typhoon-2026.jpg) Insight T-Mobile pulled the plug on Salt Typhoon. It took a car journey to get there. T-Mobile's security chief ended months of failed software remediation by driving to the data centre, clearing ID, finding the cabinet and physically pulling the power supply from the compromised hardware. Disconnection was the right control. Firevault Control is designed to take the same action in under six milliseconds. 27 Aug 2026 · 7 min ](/news/tmobile-severs-network-cable-salt-typhoon-hackers-2026)[![The Purdue Model: Everything You Need to Know](/assets/purdue-model-ot-ics-explainer-BcuxBRrF.jpg) Explainer The Purdue Model: Everything You Need to Know An independent explainer on the Purdue Model: Levels 0 to 5, the industrial DMZ at Level 3.5, OT and ICS security, network segmentation and IEC 62443 zones and conduits. 27 Aug 2026 · 1 min ](/news/the-purdue-model-everything-you-need-to-know)[![Physical vs Logical Air Gap: What Is the Real Difference?](/assets/explainer-physical-vs-logical-air-gap-C8M05C75.jpg) Explainer Physical vs Logical Air Gap: What Is the Real Difference? What separates a physical air gap from a logical or virtual one, what each protects against, and the questions to ask anyone claiming their storage is air gapped. 27 Aug 2026 · 1 min ](/learn/physical-vs-logical-air-gap)[![Air Gap vs Immutable Backup: How They Differ and Combine](/assets/explainer-air-gap-vs-immutable-backup-CNe0GHaE.jpg) Explainer Air Gap vs Immutable Backup: How They Differ and Combine Object lock, WORM and retention policies compared with physical disconnection: what immutability protects, where it fails, and when both belong in the same architecture. 27 Aug 2026 · 1 min ](/learn/air-gap-vs-immutable-backup)[![Physical Air Gap Storage and Ransomware Protection](/assets/explainer-physical-air-gap-ransomware-BbNp3WRg.jpg) Explainer Physical Air Gap Storage and Ransomware Protection How the modern ransomware kill chain finds and destroys recovery copies, and why reachability decides whether an organisation recovers. 27 Aug 2026 · 1 min ](/learn/physical-air-gap-ransomware-protection)[![Offline Storage vs Cloud Backup for Ransomware Protection](/assets/explainer-offline-vs-cloud-ransomware-Dq4Ns_az.jpg) Explainer Offline Storage vs Cloud Backup for Ransomware Protection Shared responsibility, credential and API-plane risk, restore economics, sovereignty and outage exposure compared across offline and cloud models. 27 Aug 2026 · 1 min ](/learn/offline-vs-cloud-ransomware-protection) PreviousPage 1 of 23 Next ### Most useful starting points [01 Protecting Students, Peers and Partners: A Practical Education Data Briefing ](/news/guide-safeguarding-education-data)[02 Urgent Briefing and Advice: Protecting Personal Data for High-Profile Figures in the Public Eye ](/news/urgent-guide-protecting-personal-data-high-profile-public-eye)[03 500,000 Volunteers Breached Through Authorised Access: A Controlled Access Buyer's Guide ](/news/controlled-access-buyers-guide-offline-secure-storage)[04 How to Protect Against Ransomware: A Practical Guide ](/learn/knowledge/how-to-protect-against-ransomware) ### Browse topics RansomwareAILegalHealthcareOperational technologyGovernmentData protectionBackupsSupply chainControl ## One useful briefing. No noise. Receive Firevault analysis on data exposure, cyber resilience, Offline Secure Storage® and control architecture. Subscribe I agree to receive emails from Firevault. Unsubscribe anytime. ![Mark Fermor](/assets/mark-fermor-aWtKNSv7.jpg) ![David Bailey](/assets/david-bailey-Dgqj8eaE.jpg) ![Kenny Phipps](/assets/kenny-phipps-CVyooRsR.jpg) Online Now Concierge ## Turn research into resilience You have read the evidence. Now see how offline secure storage protects your most critical data from every threat analysed above. Takes about 2 minutes. No account needed. Find Out Free 2 mins No sign-up